Goa
is the youngest (25th) member of Indian Union. nay. smallest and prettiest as
well. Area being I 04km from north south and 59km from east to west. Arabian
Sea is on the west, Sahyadri mountain region on the east. Maharashtra on the
north and Karnataka on the south to have spreaded up to east. Small in size but
big in nature potential. Semi-circular—motherland of Konkonis. Konkonis are the
off-shoot of aborijinal Kashadig and Aryan cross. Then they were known as Govapliri,
Gove or Gova,’ashtra. in fine Go,nantaka,
and
was included in Parasuram’s Gomantaka-Kshyetra. Hearsay, the6th incurnationof
Vishnu Parasuramdisc overedtheGomantakakingdorn from underthedeep sea by splitting up sea-water by arrow. A deed of
gift of the restored land was made in favour of the invited l3rahmins Irom
Panchgour( Bangadesh)__and ahuman hahital had been to the effect born. Hearsay,
Lord Shiva also came here and lived in this land of7 sages. But it is alt the
past. Probably it was situated on the extreme south of the present island. Goa-Daman-Diti state, constituted with the three named separate districts was not long hack under Cent ral rule. On 30th May. 1987. Goa district of the past having been constituted with 11 tahiks was given state status of Indian Republic. The other two districts. Daman & Diu arc still underCentral rule. In fact, they were dclinkcd stilt today. and without any sort of road or waterway to maintain communication in between. Even a language difference is there---Daman and Diu is dominated by Gujarati and Goa by Konkoni lang uage. From Panaji (Panjim of the past). the state capi tal of Goa, Daman is at a distance of 787 km via Muinbai, and Din is even more of 1523 km via Munihai-Ahmedahad-l3hahanagar.
Rivers originated from Westernghat and Sahyadri mountain regions and Arabian sea had Goa to keep the state fertile. Goa is evergreen with its eternal
peremial produce of cashew and coconut, jack-fruit and juicy mango. Humarhahitaiionshave beengrown up on the creeks between the two rivers—Mandvi and / “ran. Red laterite barren dosvnland of Goa is rich in
mcml produce & resource like manganeze. iron etc. The state should be most exceptionally
ighted for a single reference that rd of its total BLiul.tion live abroad in the middle-east for bread & ,Jitter, that helps the state to keel) position 2nd to ‘ ‘unjab as regards ii) per capita income in India. Goa is also very rich in forest resources. The vast land of estuary of twonvers Mandvi anditirari iscoveredwith mangrove forest. Wildlife and Marine Bird life is added tourist iltraci ion of Goa.
‘Climatic
variation helped nature of Goa being aff luent. Goa is tropically-known heaven.
One may easi ly feel the absence of winter wearing only an ordin ary
half-sleeve sweater in Dec-Jan evening for his best, nor that of unbearable
heat and sweating is there. And autumn is
the best
for you to be in Goa.
Goa— the apostle of meditating-calm draws tourist, native or foreign, for
years. 105 km long coast line beach, best in the world—on the north, Calangute.
Baga. Benaulim, Arambol, Vagator. Chapora. Anjuna and on the south, Colva,
Betul, Palolem—what a galaxy oftdeep-bluc seas around north to south. The sunny
silver on the pebbles’ golden will help your leisure filled in mystic acquaintance.
Romantic sea-beach of Goams yet unchallenged a tourist spot in India. Goa is a
bit unbecoming of the common Indian trait. Goanese law entails women of equal
right of property heritage and heir-apparent along with their male counter
parts. Goanese people are very fond of gay-going and used to get together in
persuit of variety entertainment and pleasure, and almost part of the Goanese
calender ycaris spent with packfult of fetes and gala-days. The most celebrated
one among many others is the coig regation on the eve of death anniversamy ofSt
xavier at Basilica of Born Jesus mOld Goa every twelve years alter. on !.VpoSItU)li
oft/ic
uime,nblamed niira
culau,c— Iv
pi’e.seri’ed body
of
Si ha ,ci.v Xavier. Food & Ciiit uralFestii’alat Miraniar
Beach every yearis equally enjoying and atractmvefor tourists. L.eni-tvpe carniv al is another
attraction in Goa.
The history of Goa narrates an interesting testimoni. After 451 years of Portuguese rule. GoaD aman-Diu became free to he ‘n integral part of 1mb an Republic on l9ih Dcc, 1961. In 1510. Alfenso-DeA lbuquerque defeated Adi I Shah of B ijapur in an ii
equal warwith only 20 warships having I 200strong- army contingent on board aiid took possession of the Pearl of the Ancic’iil Goa. Since then Goa mad to bec ome the market of E-west trade & commerce. Cons ignment of spices of Westernghat mountain region was being exported to the world market and so the imported foreign goods were available every-where in Goa. As the foreign goods are imported. so the fore ign traders behind the goods traffic followed by Missionaries. Among them St Francis Xavier (1542 being his landing year in Goa) deserves mention. Jes uit Missionwas founded in 1542 and St Francis starte d preaching Christianity. Churches grewone at’terano ther foil owing demolition of II indu temples. Conv ersion of Hindus to Christianity en rnass took place. The first hook in the chronology of Indian publication was published in India in 1557 in goa in Portuguese language.
The history of Goa narrates an interesting testimoni. After 451 years of Portuguese rule. GoaD aman-Diu became free to he ‘n integral part of 1mb an Republic on l9ih Dcc, 1961. In 1510. Alfenso-DeA lbuquerque defeated Adi I Shah of B ijapur in an ii
equal warwith only 20 warships having I 200strong- army contingent on board aiid took possession of the Pearl of the Ancic’iil Goa. Since then Goa mad to bec ome the market of E-west trade & commerce. Cons ignment of spices of Westernghat mountain region was being exported to the world market and so the imported foreign goods were available every-where in Goa. As the foreign goods are imported. so the fore ign traders behind the goods traffic followed by Missionaries. Among them St Francis Xavier (1542 being his landing year in Goa) deserves mention. Jes uit Missionwas founded in 1542 and St Francis starte d preaching Christianity. Churches grewone at’terano ther foil owing demolition of II indu temples. Conv ersion of Hindus to Christianity en rnass took place. The first hook in the chronology of Indian publication was published in India in 1557 in goa in Portuguese language.
.Goa in the history is not a matter
of stunt. it has an unending heritage—oil
world was wari’r!
With
the concept. Goa had been to the fore of world ealousy since ancienthime
Portuguese. French. British, Dutch and such
other invaded Goa in succession. Some vent ured to expedition. sonic venture to
trade and profit. yet some ventured to the cause of service to mankind. Goa is
cited in other references in the Ramayana. Mahahharaia and in the Purana. In
the ancient part. Goa was said as the Queen of the Orient. 3rd century BC.’.
Goa was part of Mourya Empire, Sathahan dyI tasty of Kolhapur also ruled Goa
between 2nd cciit ut’y BC to early AD. Ptoléme. the noted historian—trave ller
mentioned Goa or Gouba in his writings. Goa
was
ruled from 580—750 AD by Chalukya kings of Badami. In the midst of 11th
century, old Goa was to have settlements tndcr the rule of Kadamba kings (I
008—I 312 AD). Their capital-sit was Chandrapur orChandore in Salset taluka.
Muslim rulers snatched Goa away from Kadamba kings in 1312 AD. King Harihar t
of Vijayanagar defeated Muslims to take possession of Goa in 1370 AD. Goa was
under the rule of Vijayanagar Kings for a century. But in 1470 Goa went to the
hands of Bahamani Sultans of Bidar. Bahmani Etsipire. having been torn into
pieces. Goa came under the rule of Adil Shah of Bijapur and Eta or Portitguesc
Velha became his capital. Since then, Goa became the target point of foreign
invasion due to the spices resen’e of Westemghat mountain region. Even Arabian
horses also were sold in the markets of Goa.
In 1498. Vasco-da-Gama reached Mnlabar Coast in Kerata via around Cape of Good Hope. In 1510, Poiluguese Al fonso de Albuquerque reached Goa and took possession of Goa without any resistance fi’om Adit Sahi. After 3 months Sultan tisuf Adil Shah of Bijapur made resistance and Portuguese beat a retreat. But in Novemberthey again attacked and defeated Sult an Adil Shah of Bijapur and took hold of Old Goa. In the midstof 16th century, Portuguesecapturcd Bardej and Salset talukas defeating King Jamerin ofCalicut and arch-rival Tutrkish. In 1534. Diu and in 1559 Danian came under Portugese domain. To hold the Arabian sea under theirdomain Portutgese built forts in row along coastal area. Even they intervened to the Hindu’s social custom and revoked the practice of hutrning of rails. In order to gratify them Hindus were given services. But again clash started in 1540 between Hindu and Portuguese when Portuguese built churche s demolishing Hindu temples. In 1570. Ismail Adil Shah besieged Goa for a short while of 10 months. Shivaji led Maraihas to capture Goa but in vain. Dutches faced successive defeat in the hands of Port uguese, white British or East India Co had to take to the legacy to trade by trick throutgh Convention ofGoa Agreement of 1642. In 1763. Portuguese took hold ofPonda. Sanguem. Quepem and Conacona & in 1788, Pednem. Bicholito Satai’i talukas that led to the refo rmation of Goa as of today. Within the next span oC time of Turkish retreat. Portuguese became the sole osvner of the entire production and trade of spices of Westernghat range. From 1575—1600 AD of the Portuguese era; the time is said to he the golden perio d of Goa. By the time, huge qutantity of fruits along with sea—fish exported from Goa to different countries. To administer the tiny empire. Portuguese Govt had to think open Viceroy’s office in old Goa—which is now a state-heritage building and a tourist spot.
By 1565. with the fall of Hindu Empire of Vijayanagar. the trade agreement between
In 1498. Vasco-da-Gama reached Mnlabar Coast in Kerata via around Cape of Good Hope. In 1510, Poiluguese Al fonso de Albuquerque reached Goa and took possession of Goa without any resistance fi’om Adit Sahi. After 3 months Sultan tisuf Adil Shah of Bijapur made resistance and Portuguese beat a retreat. But in Novemberthey again attacked and defeated Sult an Adil Shah of Bijapur and took hold of Old Goa. In the midstof 16th century, Portuguesecapturcd Bardej and Salset talukas defeating King Jamerin ofCalicut and arch-rival Tutrkish. In 1534. Diu and in 1559 Danian came under Portugese domain. To hold the Arabian sea under theirdomain Portutgese built forts in row along coastal area. Even they intervened to the Hindu’s social custom and revoked the practice of hutrning of rails. In order to gratify them Hindus were given services. But again clash started in 1540 between Hindu and Portuguese when Portuguese built churche s demolishing Hindu temples. In 1570. Ismail Adil Shah besieged Goa for a short while of 10 months. Shivaji led Maraihas to capture Goa but in vain. Dutches faced successive defeat in the hands of Port uguese, white British or East India Co had to take to the legacy to trade by trick throutgh Convention ofGoa Agreement of 1642. In 1763. Portuguese took hold ofPonda. Sanguem. Quepem and Conacona & in 1788, Pednem. Bicholito Satai’i talukas that led to the refo rmation of Goa as of today. Within the next span oC time of Turkish retreat. Portuguese became the sole osvner of the entire production and trade of spices of Westernghat range. From 1575—1600 AD of the Portuguese era; the time is said to he the golden perio d of Goa. By the time, huge qutantity of fruits along with sea—fish exported from Goa to different countries. To administer the tiny empire. Portuguese Govt had to think open Viceroy’s office in old Goa—which is now a state-heritage building and a tourist spot.
By 1565. with the fall of Hindu Empire of Vijayanagar. the trade agreement between
is
.in.iat md the Portuguese Govt of Goa had to I oni tune. Dutches also built up
firm blockl iss i’i’n l6t3—l639 to route Portuguese trade ii lii ii onopoly
control. But the Dutches were
I i 1 sit the route reopened. Bcsides,epidemic in 543, 1635 and 1735 caused havoc in
‘i tikii tore than 2 lakh lives. Capital was shift- .1 si It Margao in 1739. In 1759 Panaji once again
iiis’ lie capital ofGua. In the period of turmoil, Ii it toiiiid advantage and captured Goa in 1797 for Ii, r,i’,, atid adapted the proxy ruling by Goanese. lii I ‘itS 4’) Goanese demanded freedom from Portui i Ii %Iipport. Govt of India ceased to continue dipI elation with Portugal. In 1955. Govt of In-
Iii ii1siscd economic sanctions on Portuguese Govt I (ii that led them to find friends in Sri Lanka and l’k tstaii. At last, Indian Army took part in Operation
iii 1961 and Portuguese Govt of Goa surreni n two days of war to Indian Army.
Alter independence, while Goa became the part il Indian Union on 19 Dec. 1961, controversy arose wet how Goa would be taken to have ascertained its %I,tils quo in the Indian Union, whether it would be liked either with Maharashtra or with Gujarat. In Jan. 967, Goa-Daman-Diu came under direct conm l of Central Rule following plebiscite of the (ioiimese. i.e., a decision previously reached in 1963 was upheld. And on 30 May, 1987, Goa had been given a status of state of Indian Republic. But during l9(3-79 Goa-Daman-Diu was tinder control of Maharashmrawada Gomantak Party in respect of loi ii demands. Though Congress is in power. the situ, itmoit is unstable. But even today you will come across I’ortuguese Goa in its body & soul. The sharp byl ines, the rock-n-stone set lanes-n-by-lanes. the hangi ng varandah, the red tiles-roof, the Roman Catholic Church and even the sign boards in Portuguese Iang uages are all in the way of life & existence of Goa. With the independence, rapid modernisation took lace during the period of 1960—70.
Iiiiiaji
hills & mountains, rivers & rivulets, ocean & %i’a% —they all are the body constituents ofGoa. Both wi bath and sun-bath are tenderly celebrating in the tilts of 40 pretty golden beaches all at the foot ofols e ieen low-height hills and mountains extended far .inI wide of 105km sea coast. Sea coast of Goa is one. ‘I tie best in alt the coastal belts in the world. One of lie best mangrove forests in S-East Asia is located in
lniimcrable species of birds are to be seen here
Ii’senming their time freezed concert. Panaji or Goa ii.iture-decor having palm. mango.jaek-fruit. cocol ilt. tastiew, cinnamon and other trees. Most houses. liiiiklines, churches are all in Lisbon-type in Panaji ilty, I’ui:iii is asmall city ofjust one lakh citizen. Three
I i 1 sit the route reopened. Bcsides,epidemic in 543, 1635 and 1735 caused havoc in
‘i tikii tore than 2 lakh lives. Capital was shift- .1 si It Margao in 1739. In 1759 Panaji once again
iiis’ lie capital ofGua. In the period of turmoil, Ii it toiiiid advantage and captured Goa in 1797 for Ii, r,i’,, atid adapted the proxy ruling by Goanese. lii I ‘itS 4’) Goanese demanded freedom from Portui i Ii %Iipport. Govt of India ceased to continue dipI elation with Portugal. In 1955. Govt of In-
Iii ii1siscd economic sanctions on Portuguese Govt I (ii that led them to find friends in Sri Lanka and l’k tstaii. At last, Indian Army took part in Operation
iii 1961 and Portuguese Govt of Goa surreni n two days of war to Indian Army.
Alter independence, while Goa became the part il Indian Union on 19 Dec. 1961, controversy arose wet how Goa would be taken to have ascertained its %I,tils quo in the Indian Union, whether it would be liked either with Maharashtra or with Gujarat. In Jan. 967, Goa-Daman-Diu came under direct conm l of Central Rule following plebiscite of the (ioiimese. i.e., a decision previously reached in 1963 was upheld. And on 30 May, 1987, Goa had been given a status of state of Indian Republic. But during l9(3-79 Goa-Daman-Diu was tinder control of Maharashmrawada Gomantak Party in respect of loi ii demands. Though Congress is in power. the situ, itmoit is unstable. But even today you will come across I’ortuguese Goa in its body & soul. The sharp byl ines, the rock-n-stone set lanes-n-by-lanes. the hangi ng varandah, the red tiles-roof, the Roman Catholic Church and even the sign boards in Portuguese Iang uages are all in the way of life & existence of Goa. With the independence, rapid modernisation took lace during the period of 1960—70.
Iiiiiaji
hills & mountains, rivers & rivulets, ocean & %i’a% —they all are the body constituents ofGoa. Both wi bath and sun-bath are tenderly celebrating in the tilts of 40 pretty golden beaches all at the foot ofols e ieen low-height hills and mountains extended far .inI wide of 105km sea coast. Sea coast of Goa is one. ‘I tie best in alt the coastal belts in the world. One of lie best mangrove forests in S-East Asia is located in
lniimcrable species of birds are to be seen here
Ii’senming their time freezed concert. Panaji or Goa ii.iture-decor having palm. mango.jaek-fruit. cocol ilt. tastiew, cinnamon and other trees. Most houses. liiiiklines, churches are all in Lisbon-type in Panaji ilty, I’ui:iii is asmall city ofjust one lakh citizen. Three
parallel
highways marched forward through the heart of the city from east to west to
reach the end of deep- blue Arabian sea. On either sides of three highways grew
the capital city ofGoa—Panaji. It is the district Hq of north Goa as well. Down
the city flowing 2nd largest river of the state Mandvi. On the other side is
Betini. On the north of Betirn is Mapusa city and on the west is Calangute
sea-beach. The whole city Panaji is netted, as if in a spider’s net, with the
net-work of waterways. Once upon a time, it was the fishermens’ habitat, now is
capital. Panaji, as is said the Taluk of Il/ia
a
(in Poiluguese language—Island), never to have been flooded. At distance on the
other side of Mandvi at the foot of green hill rests Rice Magos Fortress
founded in 1551.
On the heart of oldest Mandvi (south) of Panaji city, the stable of Sultan Adil Shah of Bijapur was there, that underwent total change to have reborn in the form of Portuguese Viceroy’s Palace in 1615. The Viceroy’s Palace was still there in Idalco Palace upto 1759. In 1843, the Secretariat of the Portuguese Govt was shifted over there. Now it is the passport office of Govt of India. Opposite to it at the Palace Sqr is the statue of Abbe Fana (1755-1819). Being educate d in Rome Abbe Faria came to India via Paris. This Goanese priest bring hypnotism into the world. Opp osite to it is the Braganza Institute where exquisite paintings, sculptures. furniture and various other things of Portuguese Goa are on display in the exhibition room. Open from Monday to Friday at 9-30-13-00 and 14-00-17-45. Institute of VascodaGama (1871) is also worth visiting. Nearby there is dock. Opposite to dock is Municipal Park orAzad Maidan where Mem orial to the Martyrs was set sip in 1973. The area is said to be known as Church Square. Tourist Dept of the Govt of India works from Church Sqr. Opposite to Church Sqron the slope of the hill is the ‘Church of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception’ with a couple of peaks, built in 1541 in memory of the sailo rs from Lisbon. Tourists should visit Mahalakshnii Temple within the walking distance. Keeping the Govt Secretariat behind, go ahead unáer the shade of the rows ofTamarisk. Banyan and Gulmohar trees tow ards All India Radio Station. you will find tosouth the Altino Hill stands like the watch guard of the chy. The city buildings, particularly residential over, are a combination of Portuguese style of architectural fini shing having saffron, light yellow, green or blue or mixed colour on the face. The city is in the process of expansion till Altino hilt situated at the heami ofPanaji. Patriarch Palace is one of the city’s attraction. In 1986, Pope John Paul II while on his tour to India, stayed here. From over the hill. the city looks like a painted picture. To the west of the City Centre at the 1st floor of Ashirbad Building (Tuesday to Friday 9-30—13- 00 and 14-00—17-30) is Panaji Museum of the
On the heart of oldest Mandvi (south) of Panaji city, the stable of Sultan Adil Shah of Bijapur was there, that underwent total change to have reborn in the form of Portuguese Viceroy’s Palace in 1615. The Viceroy’s Palace was still there in Idalco Palace upto 1759. In 1843, the Secretariat of the Portuguese Govt was shifted over there. Now it is the passport office of Govt of India. Opposite to it at the Palace Sqr is the statue of Abbe Fana (1755-1819). Being educate d in Rome Abbe Faria came to India via Paris. This Goanese priest bring hypnotism into the world. Opp osite to it is the Braganza Institute where exquisite paintings, sculptures. furniture and various other things of Portuguese Goa are on display in the exhibition room. Open from Monday to Friday at 9-30-13-00 and 14-00-17-45. Institute of VascodaGama (1871) is also worth visiting. Nearby there is dock. Opposite to dock is Municipal Park orAzad Maidan where Mem orial to the Martyrs was set sip in 1973. The area is said to be known as Church Square. Tourist Dept of the Govt of India works from Church Sqr. Opposite to Church Sqron the slope of the hill is the ‘Church of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception’ with a couple of peaks, built in 1541 in memory of the sailo rs from Lisbon. Tourists should visit Mahalakshnii Temple within the walking distance. Keeping the Govt Secretariat behind, go ahead unáer the shade of the rows ofTamarisk. Banyan and Gulmohar trees tow ards All India Radio Station. you will find tosouth the Altino Hill stands like the watch guard of the chy. The city buildings, particularly residential over, are a combination of Portuguese style of architectural fini shing having saffron, light yellow, green or blue or mixed colour on the face. The city is in the process of expansion till Altino hilt situated at the heami ofPanaji. Patriarch Palace is one of the city’s attraction. In 1986, Pope John Paul II while on his tour to India, stayed here. From over the hill. the city looks like a painted picture. To the west of the City Centre at the 1st floor of Ashirbad Building (Tuesday to Friday 9-30—13- 00 and 14-00—17-30) is Panaji Museum of the
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